Abstract

An electromagnetic radiation beam is inputted into a ring interferometer rotating at the angular velocity Ω where the beam is split into two equally intensive counter—propagating electromagnetic beams. The Sagnac Effect results in the phase shift of ±Pi/2 radians, which may be either positive or negative depending on the direction in which the counter-propagating electromagnetic radiation beams propagate with regard to the rotation direction of the ring interferometer. An additionally phase shift of Pi/2 radians is induced between the counter-propagating electromagnetic radiation beams inside the ring interferometer results in a total phase shift of either Pi radians or 0. The counter-propagating electromagnetic radiation beams inside the ring interferometer are then combined into one single electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam which outputted from the rotating ring interferometer by using a different path than the one through which the EMR beam is inputted into it.